Tag Archives: program

Morse Code v2 [Arduino Project]

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So I made a few changes to my previous Morse Code project. I added the option to send a message via serial. I am still waiting on my bluetooth module so I can send a message from my phone.

Syntax for the serial commands.
<message>
/wpm <speed>
/start
/stop
/restart

// Morse Code Converter v2.0
// By Ben Hovinga
// http://ben.hovinga.me/

// Inital Message
String message = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz 1234567890 ";

// LED pin
#define LEDPin 13

// Speed
int wpm = 4; // Speed in Words Per Minute

// Unit Sizes
int unitDit = 1;
int unitDa = 3;
int unitSymb = 1;
int unitLetter = 3;
int unitWord = 7;

// Calculate speed into ms.
int timePerUnit = 1200/wpm; // 1200 for words per minute. Use 6000 for characters per minute
int timeDit = timePerUnit * unitDit;
int timeDa = timePerUnit * unitDa;
int timeSymb = timePerUnit * unitSymb;
int timeLetter = timePerUnit * unitLetter;
int timeWord = timePerUnit * unitWord;

// Morse Code and Referance
int codeSize = 36;
String code[] = {
  ".-","-...","-.-.","-..",".","..-.","--.","....","..",".---","-.-",".-..","--","-.","---",".--.","--.-",".-.","...","-","..-","...-",".--","-..-","-.--","--..",".----","..---","...--","....-",".....","-....","--...","---..","----.","-----"};
String coderef[] = {
  "a","b","c","d","e","f","g","h","i","j","k","l","m","n","o","p","q","r","s","t","u","v","w","x","y","z","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","0"};

// Other vars
boolean running = true;

void setup(){
  // Make pin 13 output for LED (or later a relay).
  pinMode (LEDPin,OUTPUT);
  Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop(){

  int strlength = message.length();
  for (int x = 0; x < strlength; x++){
    if (running == true){
      String ch = message.substring(x,x+1);
      String ch2 = message.substring(x+1,x+2);
      flashLetter(ch);
      if (ch == ""){
        delay(timeWord);
      }
      else if (ch != "" && ch2 != "") {
        delay(timeLetter);
      }
    }
    if (checkSerial() == 1) {
      delay (2000);
      break;
    }
  }
}

int getInt(String text){
  // Converts Strings into Ints
  char temp[20];
  text.toCharArray(temp, 19);
  int x = atoi(temp);
  if (x == 0 && text != "0")
  {
    x = -1;
  }
  return x;
} 

int checkSerial (){
  // Check if there is data waiting from serial
  String input = "";
  int count = Serial.available();
  if (count > 0) {
    // Wait for buffer and recount
    delay (200);
    count = Serial.available();

    // Get the buffer
    for (int x = 0; x < count; x++){
      input += String(char(Serial.read()));
    }

    if (input.substring(0, 1) == "/"){
      // Its a command
      int wherespace = input.indexOf(""); // find the space
      String comd;
      String value;
      if (wherespace == -1){
        comd = input.substring(1);
        value = "";
      }
      else {
        comd = input.substring(1,wherespace);
        comd.toLowerCase();
        value = input.substring(wherespace + 1);
        value.toLowerCase();
      }

      if (comd == "wpm"){
        wpm = getInt (value);
        WPMcalc();
        Serial.print ("Changed WPM to ");
        Serial.print (wpm);
        Serial.println (".");
      }
      else if (comd == "restart"){
        Serial.println ("Restarting message.");
        return 1;
      }
      else if (comd == "stop"){
        Serial.println ("Stopping message.");
        running = false;
      }
      else if (comd == "start"){
        Serial.println ("Starting message.");
        running = true;
        return 1;
      }
      else{
        Serial.println("Command Not Found.");
      }

    }
    else {
      // Its a message
      message = input;
      Serial.print ("Message Changed to \"");
      Serial.print (message);
      Serial.println ("\".");
      return 1; // Reset the loop
    }
  }
  return 0;
}

void WPMcalc (){
  // Calculates the words per minute
  timePerUnit = 1200/wpm; // 1200 for words per minute. Use 6000 for characters per minute
  timeDit = timePerUnit * unitDit;
  timeDa = timePerUnit * unitDa;
  timeSymb = timePerUnit * unitSymb;
  timeLetter = timePerUnit * unitLetter;
  timeWord = timePerUnit * unitWord;
}

void flashLetter (String character){
  // Flashes the letter
  String morseCode = searchLetter (character);
  int strlength = morseCode.length();
  for (int x = 0; x < strlength; x++){
    String ch = morseCode.substring(x,x+1);
    digitalWrite(LEDPin, HIGH);
    delay(timeDelayms(ch));
    digitalWrite(LEDPin, LOW);
    if (x < strlength){
      delay(timeSymb);
    }
  }
}

int timeDelayms (String character){
  // Returns how long a dit or da is in ms.
  if (character == "."){
    return timeDit;
  }
  else if (character == "-"){
    return timeDa;
  }
  else
  {
    return 0;
  }
}

String searchLetter (String character){
  // Returns the morse code for a character.
  for (int x = 0; x < codeSize; x++){
    character.toLowerCase();
    if (character == coderef[x]){
      return code[x];
    }
  }
  return "";
}

Morse Code [Arduino Project]

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I just got an arduino because I wanted to learn how electronics work. And so far I like playing with it. As some of you have already seen, I made a traffic light on the weekend and made an easy to follow tutorial on instructables for anyone else wanting to make the project.

In this project I am focusing less on the electronics and more on the programming. In my job we are required to know Morse Code, and sometimes learning it can be challenging. I programmed my arduino to flash the led on pin 13 in relation to the Morse Code.

I only have letters and numbers programmed into it, no prowords yet. My next step is to add serial communications so I can change the message or change the words per minute on the fly. I ordered at bluetooth module and I will be able use my phone to control it too. Maybe some more things later but that’s the plan for now.

Here is the code if you want to try it out.

// Morse Code Converter v1.0
// By Ben Hovinga
// http://ben.hovinga.me/ 

// Inital Message
String message = "Hello World  ";

#define LEDPin 13

// Speed
int wpm = 4; // Speed in Words Per Minute

// Unit Sizes
int unitDit = 1;
int unitDa = 3;
int unitSymb = 1;
int unitLetter = 3;
int unitWord = 7;

// Calculate speed into ms.
int timePerUnit = 1200/wpm; // 1200 for words per minute. Use 6000 for characters per minute
int timeDit = timePerUnit * unitDit;
int timeDa = timePerUnit * unitDa;
int timeSymb = timePerUnit * unitSymb;
int timeLetter = timePerUnit * unitLetter;
int timeWord = timePerUnit * unitWord;

// Morse Code and Referance
int codeSize = 36;
String code[] = {
  ".-","-...","-.-.","-..",".","..-.","--.","....","..",".---","-.-",".-..","--","-.","---",".--.","--.-",".-.","...","-","..-","...-",".--","-..-","-.--","--..",".----","..---","...--","....-",".....","-....","--...","---..","----.","-----"};
String coderef[] = {
  "a","b","c","d","e","f","g","h","i","j","k","l","m","n","o","p","q","r","s","t","u","v","w","x","y","z","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","0"};

// Other vars
int messageCount = 0;

void setup(){
  // Make pin 13 output for LED (or later a relay).
  pinMode (LEDPin,OUTPUT);
}

void loop(){
  int strlength = message.length();
  for (int x = 0; x < strlength; x++){
    String ch = message.substring(x,x+1);
    flashLetter(ch);
    if (ch == " "){
      delay(timeWord);
    }
    else {
      delay(timeLetter);
    }
  }
}

void flashLetter (String character){
  // Flashes the letter
  String morseCode = searchLetter (character);
  int strlength = morseCode.length();
  for (int x = 0; x < strlength; x++){
    String ch = morseCode.substring(x,x+1);
    digitalWrite(LEDPin, HIGH);
    delay(timeDelayms(ch));
    digitalWrite(LEDPin, LOW);
    if (x < strlength){
      delay(timeSymb);
    }
  }
}

int timeDelayms (String character){
  // Returns how long a dit or da is in ms.
  if (character == "."){
    return timeDit;
  }
  else if (character == "-"){
    return timeDa;
  }
  else
  {
    return 0;
  }
}

String searchLetter (String character){
  // Returns the morse code for a character.
  for (int x = 0; x < codeSize; x++){
    character.toLowerCase();
    if (character == coderef[x]){
      return code[x];
    }
  }
  return "";
}